{"id":793,"date":"2025-06-23T14:02:43","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T12:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/?p=793"},"modified":"2025-06-23T14:02:43","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T12:02:43","slug":"ako-vznika-hmla-fascinujuci-prirodny-jav-ktory-ozivuje-nase-rana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/ako-vznika-hmla-fascinujuci-prirodny-jav-ktory-ozivuje-nase-rana\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako vznik\u00e1 hmla? Fascinuj\u00faci pr\u00edrodn\u00fd jav, ktor\u00fd o\u017eivuje na\u0161e r\u00e1na"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Hmla \u2013 tajomn\u00fd biely z\u00e1voj, ktor\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00fd rok premie\u0148a na\u0161e jesenn\u00e9 a zimn\u00e9 r\u00e1na na mystick\u00e9 v\u00fdjavy. Ale ako presne tento \u00fakaz pr\u00edrody vznik\u00e1? Odha\u013eme vedeck\u00fd mechanizmus, ktor\u00fd stoj\u00ed za t\u00fdmto poetick\u00fdm javom.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\ud83d\udca7 \u010co je hmla?<\/h3>\n

Hmla je vlastne\u00a0oblak dot\u00fdkaj\u00faci sa zeme<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 s\u00fabor mili\u00f3nov mikroskopick\u00fdch vodn\u00fdch kvap\u00f4\u010dok (0,01-0,05 mm) alebo \u013eadov\u00fdch kry\u0161t\u00e1likov vzn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00facich sa pri zemi. Zni\u017euje vidite\u013enos\u0165 pod 1 km a vytv\u00e1ra typick\u00fa vlhk\u00fa atmosf\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n

\ud83c\udf2c\ufe0f\u00a0Vedec krok za krokom: Ako pr\u00edroda tvor\u00ed hmlu<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1\ufe0f\u20e3\u00a0Z\u00e1kladn\u00e1 podmienka: Nas\u00fdten\u00fd vzduch<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    Voda sa odparuje z vodn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch, mokrad\u00ed alebo vlhkej p\u00f4dy<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Vzduch mus\u00ed obsahova\u0165 bl\u00edzko 100% relat\u00edvnu vlhkos\u0165<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2\ufe0f\u20e3\u00a0K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd moment: Dosiahnutie rosn\u00e9ho bodu<\/strong><\/p>\n

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      Teplota vzduchu mus\u00ed klesn\u00fa\u0165 na hodnotu, kedy:<\/p>\n

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        Vzduch strat\u00ed schopnos\u0165 udr\u017ea\u0165 vodn\u00fa paru<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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        Za\u010dne proces kondenz\u00e1cie<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3\ufe0f\u20e3\u00a0Jadr\u00e1 kondenz\u00e1cie: Kam sa voda zachyt\u00e1va<\/strong><\/p>\n

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          Kvapky sa formuj\u00fa na mikro\u010dasticiach:<\/p>\n

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            Prachov\u00e9 \u010dastice<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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            \u010castice sol\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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            Pyly a in\u00e9 aeros\u00f3ly<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            4\ufe0f\u20e3\u00a0Fin\u00e1lna f\u00e1za: Stabiln\u00e1 hmlov\u00e1 vrstva<\/strong><\/p>\n

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              Vznik\u00e1 pri zemi alebo nad \u0148ou<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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              Vy\u017eaduje pokojn\u00e9 poveternostn\u00e9 podmienky (slab\u00fd vietor)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \ud83c\udf0d\u00a0Miesta, kde hmlu stretnete naj\u010dastej\u0161ie<\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              Lokalita<\/th>\nD\u00f4vod \u010dast\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              Rie\u010dne \u00fadolia<\/td>\nChladn\u00fd vzduch kles\u00e1 do n\u00ed\u017ein, vysok\u00e1 vlhkos\u0165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Pri jazierach<\/td>\nIntenz\u00edvne odparovanie vody<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Po da\u017edi<\/td>\nZv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 p\u00f4dna vlhkos\u0165<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              Priemyseln\u00e9 oblasti<\/td>\nViac kondenza\u010dn\u00fdch jadier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

              \u26a0\ufe0f\u00a0Menej zn\u00e1me fakty o hmle<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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                Radi\u00e1lna hmla<\/strong>\u00a0vznik\u00e1 pri jasn\u00fdch nociach r\u00fdchlym vy\u017earovan\u00edm tepla<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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                Advek\u010dn\u00e1 hmla<\/strong>\u00a0sa tvor\u00ed pri prenose tepl\u00e9ho vlhk\u00e9ho vzduchu nad chladn\u00fd povrch<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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                V Lond\u00fdne sa v 19. storo\u010d\u00ed vyskytovala\u00a0„hmla smr\u0165“<\/strong>\u00a0zmie\u0161an\u00e1 s priemyseln\u00fdm smogom<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u2705\u00a0Praktick\u00fd v\u00fdznam poznania hmly<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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                  Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 v prem\u00e1vke<\/strong>\u00a0(predv\u00eddanie zn\u00ed\u017eenej vidite\u013enosti)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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                  Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo<\/strong>\u00a0(ochrana pred mr\u00e1zom pomocou umel\u00e9ho zahmlievania)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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                  Meteorol\u00f3gia<\/strong>\u00a0(predpove\u010f teplotn\u00fdch inverzi\u00ed)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \ud83d\udd0d\u00a0Z\u00e1ver: Hmla ako pr\u00edrodn\u00fd barometer<\/strong>
                  \nTento jav n\u00e1zorne ukazuje, ako jemn\u00e9 s\u00favislosti medzi teplotou, vlhkos\u0165ou a \u010dasticami v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa efekty, ktor\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 vn\u00edmame. Pri \u010fal\u0161ej hmlistej rannej prech\u00e1dzke si u\u017e budete vedie\u0165 predstavi\u0165 ten z\u00e1zrak fyziky a ch\u00e9mie, ktor\u00fd sa odohr\u00e1va vo vzduchu okolo v\u00e1s.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Hmla \u2013 tajomn\u00fd biely z\u00e1voj, ktor\u00fd ka\u017ed\u00fd rok premie\u0148a na\u0161e jesenn\u00e9 a zimn\u00e9 r\u00e1na na mystick\u00e9 v\u00fdjavy. Ale ako presne tento \u00fakaz pr\u00edrody vznik\u00e1? Odha\u013eme vedeck\u00fd mechanizmus, ktor\u00fd stoj\u00ed za t\u00fdmto poetick\u00fdm javom. \ud83d\udca7 \u010co je hmla? Hmla je vlastne\u00a0oblak dot\u00fdkaj\u00faci sa zeme\u00a0\u2013 s\u00fabor mili\u00f3nov mikroskopick\u00fdch vodn\u00fdch kvap\u00f4\u010dok (0,01-0,05 mm) alebo \u013eadov\u00fdch kry\u0161t\u00e1likov vzn\u00e1\u0161aj\u00facich sa […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":795,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-793","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=793"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/793\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=793"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vodnahmla.sk\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}